国家林业局


中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例实施细则（林业部分）

(1999年8月10日国家林业局发布) 　　


　　第一章 总 则
　　第一条 根据《中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例》（以下简称《条例》），制定本细则。
　　第二条 本细则所称植物新品种，是指符合《条例》第二条规定的林木、竹、木质藤本、木本观赏植物（包括木本花卉）、果树（干果部分）及木本油料、饮料、调料、木本药材等植物品种。
　　植物品种保护名录由国家林业局确定和公布。
　　第三条 国家林业局依照《条例》和本细则规定受理、审查植物新品种权的申请并授予植物新品种权（以下简称品种权）。
　　国家林业局植物新品种保护办公室（以下简称植物新品种保护办公室），负责受理和审查本细则第二条规定的植物新品种的品种权申请，组织与植物新品种保护有关的测试、保藏等业务，按国家有关规定承办与植物新品种保护有关的国际事务等具体工作。
　　第二章 品种权的内容和归属
　　第四条 《条例》所称的繁殖材料，是指整株植物（包括苗木）、种子（包括根、茎、叶、花、果实等）以及构成植物体的任何部分（包括组织、细胞）。
　　第五条 《条例》第七条所称的职务育种是指：
　　（一）在本职工作中完成的育种；
　　（二）履行本单位分配的本职工作之外的任务所完成的育种；
　　（三）离开原单位后３年内完成的与其在原单位承担的本职工作或者分配的任务有关的育种；
　　（四）利用本单位的资金、仪器设备、试验场地、育种资源和其他繁殖材料及不对外公开的技术资料等所完成的育种。
　　除前款规定情形之外的，为非职务育种。
　　第六条 《条例》所称完成植物新品种育种的人、品种权申请人、品种权人，均包括单位或者个人。
　　第七条 两个以上申请人就同一个植物新品种在同一日分别提出品种权申请的，植物新品种保护办公室可以要求申请人自行协商确定申请权的归属；协商达不成一致意见的，植物新品种保护办公室可以要求申请人在规定的期限内提供证明自己是最先完成该植物新品种育种的证据；逾期不提供证据的，视为放弃申请。
　　第八条 中国的单位或者个人就其在国内培育的植物新品种向外国转让申请权或者品种权的，应当报国家林业局批准。
　　国有单位在国内转让植物新品种申请权或者品种权的，由其上级行政主管部门批准。
　　转让申请权或者品种权的，当事人应当订立书面合同，向国家林业局登记，并由国家林业局予以公告。
　　转让申请权或者品种权的，自登记之日起生效。
　　第九条 依照《条例》第十一条规定，有下列情形之一的，国家林业局可以作出或者依当事人的请求作出实施植物新品种强制许可的决定：
　　（一）为满足国家利益或者公共利益等特殊需要；
　　（二）品种权人无正当理由自己不实施或者实施不完全，又不许可他人以合理条例实施的。
　　请求植物新品种强制许可的单位或者个人，应当向国家林业局提出强制许可请求书，说明理由并附具有关证明材料各一式两份。
　　第十条 按照《条例》第十一条第二款规定，请求国家林业局裁决植物新品种强制许可使用费数额的，当事人应当提交裁决请求书，并附具不能达成协议的有关材料。国家林业局自收到裁决请求书之日起３个月内作出裁决并通知有关当事人。
　　第三章 授予品种权的条件
　　第十一条 授予品种权的，应当符合《条例》第十三条、第十四条、第十五条、第十六条、第十七条、第十八条和本细则第二条的规定。
　　第十二条 依照《条例》第四十五条的规定，对《条例》施行前首批列入植物品种保护名录的和《条例》施行后新列入植物品种保护名录的属或者种的植物品种，自名录公布之日起一年内提出的品种权申请，经育种人许可，在中国境内销售该品种的繁殖材料不超过４年的，视为具有新颖性。
　　第十三条 除《条例》等十八条规定的以外，有下列情形之一的，不得用于植物新品种命名：
　　（一）违反国家法律、行政法规规定或者带有民族歧视性的；
　　（二）以国家名称命名的；
　　（三）以县级以上行政区划的地名或者公众知晓的外国地名命名的；
　　（四）同政府间国际组织或者其他国际知名组织的标识名称相同或者近似的；
　　（五）属于相同或者相近植物属或者种的已知名称的。
　　第四章 品种权的申请和受理
　　第十四条 中国的单位和个人申请品种权的，可以直接或者委托国家林业局指定的代理机构向国家林业局提出申请。
　　第十五条 中国的单位和个人申请品种权的植物品种，如涉及国家安全或者重大利益需要保密的，申请人应当在请求书中注明，植物新品种保护办公室应当按国家有关保密的规定办理，并通知申请人；植物新品种保护办公室认为需要保密而申请人未注明的，按保密申请办理，并通知有关当事人。
　　第十六条 外国人、外国企业或者其他外国组织向国家林业局提出品种权申请和办理其他品种权事务的，应当委托国家林业局指定的代理机构办理。
　　第十七条 申请人委托代理机构向国家林业局申请品种或者办理其他有关事务的，应当提交委托书，写明委托权限。
申请人为两个以上而未委托代理机构代理的，应当书面确定一方为代表人。
　　第十八条 申请人申请品种权时，应当向植物新品种保护办公室提交国家林业局规定格式的请求书、说明书以及符合本细则第十九条规定的照片各一式两份。
　　第十九条 《条例》第二十一条所称的照片，应当符合以下要求：
　　（一）有利于说明申请品种权的植物品种的特异性；
　　（二）一种性状的对比应在同一张照片上；
　　（三）照片应为彩色；
　　（四）照片规格为8.5厘米×12.5厘米或者10厘米×15厘米。
　　照片应当附有简要文字说明；必要时，植物新品种保护办公室可以要求申请人提供黑白照片。
　　第二十条 品种权的申请文件有下列情形之一的，植物新品种保护办公室不予受理：
　　（一）内容不全或者不符合规定格式的；
　　（二）字迹不清或者有严重涂改的；
　　（三）未使用中文的。
　　第二十一条 植物新品种保护办公室可以要求申请人送交申请品种权的植物品种和对照品种的繁殖材料，用于审查和检测。
　　第二十二条 申请人应当自收到植物新品种保护办公室通知之日起３个月内送交繁殖材料。送交种子的，申请人应当送至植物新品种保护办公室指定的保藏机构；送交无性繁殖材料的，申请人应当送至植物新品种办公室指定的测试机构。
　　申请人逾期不送交繁殖材料的，视为放弃申请。
　　第二十三条 申请人送交的繁殖材料应当依照国家有关规定进行检疫；应检疫而未检疫或者检疫不合格的，保藏机构或者测试机构不予接收。
　　第二十四条 申请人送交的繁殖材料不能满足测试或者检测需要以及不符合要求的，植物新品种保护办公室可以要求申请人补交。
　　申请人三次补交繁殖材料仍不符合规定的，视为放弃申请。
　　第二十五条 申请人送交的繁殖材料应当符合下列要求：
　　（一）与品种权申请文件中所描述的该植物品种的繁殖材料相一致；
　　（二）最新收获或者采集的；
　　（三）无病虫害；
　　（四）未进行药物处理。
　　申请人送交的繁殖材料已经进行了药物处理，应当附有使用药物的名称、使用的方法和目的。
　　第二十六条 保藏机构或者测试机构收到申请人送交的繁殖材料的，应当向申请人出具收据。
　　保藏机构或者测试机构对申请人送交的繁殖材料经检测合格的，应当出具检验合格证明，并报告植物新品种保护办公室；经检测不合格的，应当报告植物新品种保护办公室，由其按照有关规定处理。
　　第二十七条 保藏机构或者测试机构对申请人送交的繁殖材料，在品种权申请的审查期间和品种权的有效期限内，应当保密和妥善保管。
　　第二十八条 在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的外国人、外国企业或者其他外国组织申请品种权或者要求优先权的，植物新品种保护办公室可以要求其提供下列文件：
　　（一）国籍证明；
　　（二）申请人是企业或者其他组织的，其营业所或者总部所在地的证明文件；
　　（三）外国人、外国企业、外国其他组织的所属国承认中国的单位和个人可以按照该国国民的同等条件，在该国享有植物新品种的申请权、优先权和其他品种权有关的证明文件。
　　第二十九条 申请人向国家林业局提出品种权申请之后，又向外国申请品种权的，可以请求植物新品种保护办公室出具优先权证明文件；符合条件的，植物新品种保护办公室应当出具优先权证明文件。
　　第三十条 申请人撤回品种权申请的，应当向国家林业局提出撤回申请，写明植物品种名称、申请号和申请日。
　　第三十一条 中国的单位和个人将在国内培育的植物新品种向国外申请品种权的，应当向国家林业局登记。
　　第五章 品种权的审查批准
　　第三十二条 国家林业局对品种权申请进行初步审查时，可以要求申请人就有关问题在规定的期限内提出陈述意见或者予以修正。
　　第三十三条 一件品种权申请包括二个以上品种权申请的，在实质审查前，植物新品种保护办公室应当要求申请人在规定的期限内提出分案申请；申请人在规定的期限内对其申请未进行分案修正或者期满未答复的，该申请视为放弃。
　　第三十四条 依照本细则第三十三条规定提出的分案申请，可以保留原申请日；享有优先权的，可保留优先权日，但不得超出原申请的范围。
　　分案申请应当依照《条例》及本细则的有关规定办理各种手续。
　　分案申请的请求书中应当写明原申请的申请号和申请日。原申请享有优先权的，应当提交原申请的优先权文件副本。
　　第三十五条 经初步审查符合《条例》和本细则规定条件的品种权申请，由国家林业局予以公告。
　　自品种权申请公告之日起至授予品种权之日前，任何人均可以对不符合《条例》和本细则规定的品种权申请向国家林业局提出异议，并说明理由。
　　第三十六条 品种权申请文件的修改部分，除个别文字修改或者增删外，应当按照规定格式提交替换页。
　　第三十七条 经实质审查后，符合《条例》规定的品种权申请，由国家林业局作出授予品种权的决定，向品种权申请人颁发品种权证书，予以登记和公告。
　　品种权人应当自收到领取品种权证书通知之日起３个月内领取品种权证书，并按照国家有关规定缴纳第一年年费。逾期未领取品种权证书并未缴纳年费的，视为放弃品种权，有正当理由的除外。
　　品种权自作出授予品种权的决定之日起生效。
　　第三十八条 国家林业局植物新品种复审委员会（以下简称复审委员会）由植物育种专家、栽培专家、法律专家和有关行政管理人员组成。
　　复审委员会主任委员由国家林业局主要负责人指定。
　　植物新品种保护办公室根据复审委员会的决定办理复审的有关事宜。
　　第三十九条 依照《条例》第三十二条第三款的规定向复审委员会请求复审的，应当提交符合国家林业局规定格式的复审请求书，并附具有关的证明材料。复审请求书和证明材料应当各一式两份。
　　申请人请求复审时，可以修改被驳回的品种权申请文件，但修改仅限于驳回申请的决定所涉及的部分。
　　第四十条 复审请求不符合规定要求的，复审请求人可以在复审委员会指定的期限内补正；期满未补正或者补正后仍不符合规定要求的，该复审请求视为放弃。
　　第四十一条 复审请求人在复审委员会作出决定前，可以撤回其复审请求。
　　第六章 品种权的终止和无效
　　第四十二条 依照《条例》第三十六条规定，品种权在其保护期限届满前终止的，其终止日期为：
　　（一）品种权人以书面声明放弃品种权的，自声明之日起终止；
　　（二）品种权人未按照有关规定缴纳年费的，自补缴年费期限届满之日起终止；
　　（三）品种权人未按照要求提供检测所需的该授权品种的繁殖材料或者送交的繁殖材料不符合要求的，国家林业局予以登记，其品种权自登记之日起终止；
　　（四）经检测该授权品种不再符合被授权品种权时的特征和特性的，自国家林业局登记之日起终止。
　　第四十三条 依照《条例》第三十七条第一款的规定，任何单位或者个人请求宣告品种权无效的，应当向复审委员会提交国家林业局规定格式的品种权无效宣告请求书和有关材料各一式两份，并说明所依据的事实和理由。
　　第四十四条 已授予的品种权不符合《条例》第十四条、第十五条、第十六条和第十七条规定的，由复审委员会依据职权或者任何单位或者个人的书面请求宣告品种权无效。
　　宣告品种权无效，由国家林业局登记和公告，并由植物新品种保护办公室通知当事人。
　　第四十五条 品种权无效宣告请求书中未说明所依据的事实和理由，或者复审委员会就一项品种权无效宣告请求已审理并决定仍维持品种权的，请求人又以同一事实和理由请求无效宣告的，复审委员会不予受理。
　　第四十六条 复审委员会应当自收到无交宣告请求书之日起15日内将品种权无效宣告请求书副本和有关材料送达品种权人。品种权人应当在收到后３个月内提出陈述意见；逾期未提出的，不影响复审委员会审理。
　　第四十七条 复审委员会对授权品种作出更名决定的，由国家林业局登记和公告，并由植物新品种保护办公室通知品种权人，更换品种权证书。
　　授权品种更名后，不得再使用原授权品种名称。
　　第四十八条 复审委员会对无效宣告的请求作出决定前，无效宣告请求人可以撤回其请求。
　　第七章 文件的递交、送达和期限
　　第四十九条 《条例》和本细则规定的各种事项，应当以书面形式办理。
　　第五十条 按照《条例》和本细则规定提交的各种文件应当使用中文，并采用国家统一规定的科技术语。
外国人名、地名和没有统一中文译文的科技术语，应当注明原文。
　　依照《条例》和本细则规定提交的证明文件是外文的，应当附送中文译文；未附送的，视为未提交证明文件。
　　第五十一条 当事人提交的各种文件可以打印，也可以使用钢和或者毛笔书写，但要整齐清晰，纸张只限单面使用。
　　第五十二条 依照《条例》和本细则规定，提交各种文件和有关材料的，当事人可以直接提交，也可以邮寄。邮寄时，以寄出的邮戳日为提交日。寄出的邮戳日不清晰的，除当事人能够提供证明外，以收到日为提交日。
　　依照《条例》和本细则规定，向当事人送达的各种文件和有关材料的，可以直接送交、邮寄或者以公告的方式送达。当事人委托代理机构的，送达代理机构；未委托代理机构的，送达当事人。
　　依本条第二款规定直接送达的，以交付日为送达日；邮寄送达的，自寄出之日起满15日，视为送达；公告送达的，自公告之日起满２个月，视为送达。
　　第五十三条 《条例》和本细则规定的各种期限，以年或者月计算的，以其最后一月的相应日为期限届满日；该月无相应日的，以该月最后一日为期限届满日；期限届满日是法定节假日的，以节假日后的第一个工作日为期限届满日。
　　第五十四条 当事人因不可抗力或者特殊情况耽误《条例》和本细则规定的期限，造成其权利丧失的，处障碍消除之日起２个月内，但是最多不得超过自期限届满之日起２年，可以向国家林业局说明理由并附具有关证明材料，请求恢复其权利。
　　第五十五条 《条例》和本细则所称申请日，有优先权的，指优先权日。
　　第八章 费用和公报
　　第五十六条 申请品种权的，应当按照规定缴纳申请费、审查费；需要测试的，应当缴纳测试费。授予品种权的，应当缴纳年费。
　　第五十七条 当事人缴纳本细则第五十六条规定费用的，可以向植物新品种保护办公室直接缴纳，也可以通过邮局或者银行汇付，但不得使用电汇。
　　通过邮局或者银行汇付的，应当注明申请号或者品种权证书号、申请人或者品种权人的姓名或者名称、费用名称以及授权品种名称。
　　通过邮局或者银行汇付的，以汇出日为缴费日。
　　第五十八条 依照《条例》第二十四条的规定，申请人可以在提交品种权申请的同时缴纳申请费，也可以在收到缴费通知之日起１个月内缴纳；期满未缴纳或者未缴足的，其申请视为撤回。
　　按照规定应当缴纳测试费的，自收到缴费通知之日起１个月内缴纳；期满未缴纳或者未缴足的，其申请视为放弃。
　　第五十九条 第一次年费应当于领取品种权证书时缴纳，以后的年费应当在前一年度期满前１个月内预缴。
　　第六十条 品种权人未按时缴纳第一年以后的年费或者缴纳数额不足的，植物新品种保护办公室应当通知品种权人自应当缴纳年费期满之日起６个月内补缴，同时缴纳金额为年费的25％的滞纳金。
　　第六十一条 自本细则施行之日起３年内，当事人缴纳本细则第五十六条规定的费用确有困难的，经申请并由国家林业局批准，可以减缴或者缓缴。
　　第六十二条 国家林业局定期出版植物新品种保护公报，公告品种权申请、授予、转让、继承、终止等有关事项。
　　植物新品种保护办公室设置品种权登记簿，登记品种权申请、授予、转让、继承、终止等有关事项。
　　第九章 附 则
　　第六十三条 县级以上林业主管部门查处《条例》规定的行政处罚案件时，适用林业行政处罚程序的规定。
　　第六十四条 《条例》所称的假冒授权品种，是指：
　　（一）使用伪造的品种权证书、品种权号的；
　　（二）使用已经被终止或者被宣告无效品种权的品种权证书、品种权号的；
　　（三）以非授权品种冒充授权品种的；
　　（四）以此种授权品种冒充他种授权品种的；
　　（五）其他足以使他人将非授权品种误认为授权品种的．
　　第六十五条 当事人因植物新品种的申请权或者品种权发生纠纷，已向人民法院提起诉讼并受理的，应当向国家林业局报告并附具人民法院已受理的证明材料。国家林业局按照有关规定作出中止或者终止的决定。
　　第六十六条 在初步审查、实质审查、复审和无效宣告程序中进行审查和复审的人员，有下列情形之一的，应当申请回避；当事人或者其他有利害关系人也可以要求其回避：
　　（一）是当事人或者其代理人近亲属的；
　　（二）与品种权申请或者品种权有直接利害关系的；
　　（三）与当事人或者其他代理人有其他可能影响公正审查和审理关系的。
　　审查人员的回避，由植物新品种保护办公室决定；复审委员会人员的回避，由国家林业局决定。在回避申请未被批准前，审查和复审人员不得终止履行职责。
　　第六十七条 任何人经植物新品种保护办公室同意，可以查阅或者复制已经公告的品种权申请的案卷和品种权登记簿。
　　依照《条例》和本细则的规定，已被驳回、撤回或者视为放弃品种权申请的材料和已被放弃、无效宣告或者终止品种权的材料，由植物新品种保护办公室予以销毁。
　　第六十八条 请求变更品种权申请人和品种权人的，应当向植物新品种保护办公室办理著录事项变更手续，并提出变更理由和证明材料。
　　第六十九条 本细则由国家林业局负责解释。
　　第七十条 本细则自发布之日起施行。

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


METROLOGY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(Adopted at the 12th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 28 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on September 6, 1985, and
effective as of July 1, 1986)


Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Primary Standard Instruments of Measurement, Standard
Instruments of Measurement and Metrological Verification
Chapter III Administrative Control of Measuring Instruments
Chapter IV Metrological Supervision
Chapter V Legal Liability
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated to strengthen the metrological supervision and
administration, to ensure the uniformity of the national system of units
of measurement and the accuracy and reliability of the values of
quantities, so as to contribute to the development of production, trade
and science and technology, to meet the needs of socialist modernization
and to safeguard the interests of the state and the people.
Article 2
Within the territory of the People's Republic of China, this Law must be
abided by in establishing national primary standards of measurement and
standards of measurement, in conducting metrological verification, and in
the manufacture, repair, sale or use of measuring instruments.
Article 3
The State shall adopt the International System of Units (SI).
The International System of Units and other units of measurement adopted
by the State shall be the national legal units of measurement. The names
and symbols of the national legal units of measurement shall be
promulgated by the State Council. Non-national legal units of measurement
shall be abrogated. Measures for the abrogation shall be stipulated by the
State Council.
Article 4
The metrological administrative department of the State Council shall
exercise unified supervision over and administration of metrological work
throughout the country. The metrological administrative departments of the
local people's governments at and above the county level shall exercise
supervision over and administration of metrological work within their
respective administrative areas.

Chapter II Primary Standards of Measurement, Standards of Measure- ment and Metrological Verification
Article 5
The metrological administrative department of the State Council shall be
responsible for establishing all kinds of primary standards of
measurement, which shall serve as the ultimate basis for unifying the
values of quantities of the country.
Article 6
The metrological administrative departments of the local people's
governments at or above the county level may, according to the needs of
their respective areas, establish public standards of measurement, which
shall be put into use after being checked and found to be qualified by the
metrological administrative department of the people's government at the
next higher level.
Article 7
The competent department concerned of the State Council and the competent
department concerned of the people's governments of the provinces,
autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central
Government may, in light of their own specific needs, establish standards
of measurement for their own use. The ultimate standard of measurement of
each kind shall be put into use after being checked and found to be
qualified by the metrological administrative authorities of the people's
government at the corresponding level.
Article 8
Enterprises or institutions may, according to their needs, establish
standards of measurement for their own use. The ultimate standard of
measurement of each kind shall be put into use after being checked and
found to be qualified by the metrological administrative department of the
people's government concerned.
Article 9
The metrological administrative departments of the people's governments at
or above the county level shall make compulsory verification of the public
standards of measurement, the ultimate standards of measurement used in
the departments, enterprises and institutions as well as the working
measuring instruments used in settling trade accounts, safety protection,
medical and health work, or environmental monitoring that are listed in
the compulsory verification catalogue. Those measuring instruments which
have not been submitted for verification as required and those which have
been checked and found to be unqualified shall not be used. The catalogue
of the working measuring instruments subject to compulsory verification
and the measures for the administration of such instruments shall be
stipulated by the State Council.
Standards of measurement and working measuring instruments other than
those referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be verified at regular
intervals by the users themselves or by the metrological verification
institutions. The metrological administrative departments of the people's
governments at or above the county level shall supervise and inspect such
verification.
Article 10
Metrological verification shall be conducted according to the National
Metrological Verification System. The National Metrological Verification
System shall be worked out by the metrological administrative department
of the State Council. Metrological verification must be carried out in
accordance with the regulations governing metrological verification. The
national metrological verification regulations shall be formulated by the
metrological administrative department of the State Council. In the case
of certain instruments that are not covered in the national metrological
verification regulations, the competent departments of the State Council
and the metrological administrative departments of the people's
governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly
under the Central Government shall respectively formulate departmental and
local verification regulations. Such verification regulations shall be
submitted to the metrological administrative department of the State
Council for the record.
Article 11
Metrological verification shall, according to the principle of economy and
rationality, be carried out on the spot or in the vicinity.

Chapter III Administrative Control of Measuring Instruments
Article 12
An enterprise or institution which is to engage in manufacturing or
repairing measuring instruments must have facilities, personnel and
verification appliances appropriate to the measuring instruments it is to
manufacture or repair and, after being checked and considered as qualified
by the metrological administrative department of the people's government
at or above the county level, obtain a Licence for Manufacturing Measuring
Instruments or a License for Repairing Measuring Instruments.
The administrative departments for industry and commerce shall not issue a
business licence to an enterprise engaged in manufacturing or repairing
measuring instruments which has not obtained a Licence for Manufacturing
Measuring Instruments or a Licence for Repairing Measuring Instruments.
Article 13
When an enterprise or institution manufacturing measuring instruments
undertakes to manufacture new types of measuring instruments which it has
not previously manufactured, such measuring instruments may be put into
production only after the metrological performance of the sample products
has been checked and found to be qualified by the metrological
administrative department of a people's government at or above the
provincial level.
Article 14
Without the approval of the metrological administrative department of the
State Council, measuring instruments with non-legal units of measurement
which have been abrogated by the State Council, and other measuring
instruments which are banned by the State Council, shall not be
manufactured, sold or imported.
Article 15
An enterprise or institution engaged in manufacturing or repairing
measuring instruments must verify the measuring instruments it has
manufactured or repaired, guarantee the metrological performance of the
products and issue certificates of inspection for the qualified products.
The metrological administrative department of the people's governments at
or above the county level shall supervise and inspect the quality of the
measuring instruments manufactured or repaired.
Article 16
Measuring instruments imported from abroad may be sold only after having
been verified and found to be up to standard by the metrological
administrative department of the people's government at or above the
provincial level.
Article 17
When using measuring instruments, no person shall be allowed to impair
their accuracy, thereby prejudicing the interests of the State and
consumers.
Article 18
Self-employed workers or merchants may manufacture or repair simple
measuring instruments.
Any self-employed worker or merchant who is to engage in manufacturing or
repairing measuring instruments may apply for a business licence from the
administrative department for industry and commerce provided he has been
tested and found to be qualified by the metrological administrative
department of a people's government at the county level, and issued a
Licence for Manufacturing Measuring Instruments or a Licence for Repairing
Measuring Instruments.
The types of measuring instruments which can be manufactured or repaired
by self-employed workers or merchants shall be determined by the
metrological administrative department of the State Council, which shall
also adopt measures for their control.

Chapter IV Metrological Supervision
Article 19
The metrological administrative department of the people's governments at
or above the county level may, according to their needs, appoint
metrological supervisors. The measures for the administration of the
metrological supervisors shall be formulated by the metrological
administrative department of the State Council.
Article 20
The metrological administrative department of the people's governments at
or above the county level may, according to their needs, set up
metrological verification organs or authorize the metrological
verification institutions of other establishments to carry out compulsory
verification and other verification and testing tasks. The personnel
carrying out the tasks of verification and testing mentioned in the
preceding paragraph must be tested for their qualifications.
Article 21
Any dispute over the accuracy of measuring instruments shall be handled in
accordance with the data provided after verification with the national
primary standards of measurement or public standards of measurement.
Article 22
A product quality inspection agency which is to provide notarial data on
the quality of products for society must be checked for its capability and
reliability of metrological verification and testing by the metrological
administrative department of a people's government at or above the
provincial level.

Chapter V Legal Liability
Article 23
Whoever without a Licence for Manufactured Measuring Instruments or a
Licence for Repairing Measuring Instruments manufactures or repairs
measuring instruments shall be ordered to stop his production or business
operations. His unlawful income shall be confiscated and a fine may
concurrently be imposed.
Article 24
Whoever manufactures or sells a new type of measuring instrument which has
not been checked and found to be qualified shall be ordered to stop the
manufacture or sale of that new product. His unlawful income shall be
confiscated and he may concurrently be punished by a fine.
Article 25
Whoever manufactures, repairs or sells unqualified measuring instruments
shall have his unlawful income confiscated and a fine may concurrently be
imposed.
Article 26
Whoever uses measuring instruments subject to compulsory verification
without having filed an application for verification as required or
continues to use measuring instruments which have been checked but found
to be unqualified shall be ordered to stop the use and may concurrectly be
punished by a fine.
Article 27
Whoever uses unqualified measuring instruments or impairs the accuracy of
measuring instruments, thus causing losses to the State and consumers,
shall be ordered to make compensation for the losses and shall have his
measuring instruments and unlawful income confiscated and may concurrently
be punished by a fine.
Article 28
Whoever manufactures, sells or uses measuring instruments for the purpose
of deceiving consumers shall have his measuring instruments and unlawful
income confiscated and may concurrently be punished by a fine. If the
circumstances are serious, the individual or the person in the unit who is
directly responsible shall be investigated for his criminal responsibility
according to the crimes of swindling or speculation.
Article 29
When any individual or unit, in violation of the provisions of this Law,
manufactures, repairs or sells unqualified measuring instruments leading
to people's injury or death or causing major property losses, the
individual or the person in the unit who is directly responsible shall be
investigated for his criminal responsibility by reference to the
provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.
Article 30
A metrological supervisor who transgresses the law and neglects his duty,
where the circumstances are serious, shall be investigated for criminal
responsibility pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. If
the circumstances are minor, he shall be given an administrative sanction.
Article 31
The administrative sanction provided for in this Law shall be determined
by the metrological administrative department of a people's government at
or above the county level. The administrative sanction provided for in
Article 27 of this Law may also be determined by the administrative
departments for industry and commerce.
Article 32
A party who refuses to accept the decision of the administrative sanction
may, within 15 days after receipt of the notification of the decision,
file suit in a people's court. If within that time limit the party does
not file suit or comply with the penalty of paying a fine and having his
unlawful income confiscated, the administrative authorities which have
made the decision of the administrative sanction may request the people's
court for compulsory execution.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 33
Measures for the administration of and supervision over metrological work
in the Chinese People's Liberation Army and in units under the
jurisdiction of the Commission on Science, Technology and Industry for
National Defence shall be formulated separately by the State Council and
the Central Military Commission in accordance with this Law.
Article 34
The metrological administrative department of the State Council shall, in
accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which
shall go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State
Council.
Article 35
This Law shall go into effect on July 1, 1986.





Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.